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Mountain Climbing Clips

A variety of mountain climbing clips exist, and sometimes the amount of information available can be overwhelming. But don't give up yet.  With just a few terms under your belt (or harness), you can begin to get an idea of what you are looking for. Here is a list of some of the basic clips and what they are for:
Screwgate Carabiner:  A carabiner with a screw lock, it is better than a regular carabiner because the screw lock keeps the carabiner from accidentally opening.  It is a great way to go for top-roping, hauling, and rigging. 
Bolt Hanger: this clip is often used in outdoor rescue situations, because it is useful for climbing protection and rigging work.
Ascension Ascender: An ascension ascender (say that five times fast) is a great clip with a grip (again, five times fast) for easy handling, is large enough that you can use it when wearing gloves, and is gentle on your ropes. 
C4's: These clips are great for any sort of rock you are dealing with.  They are diverse enough that you can use them in a variety of ways, which will keep your equipment list down and the weight from becoming too much. 
Figure 8's: These are often used for rapelling and belaying, and create a minimum wear and tear on your rope, as well as a smooth flow.  Ideal for the person on the ground keeping you safe.